HOSPICESCAN

Death for Profit


How hundreds of sham hospice companies in Los Angeles County exploited Medicare’s end-of-life benefit, billing billions of dollars while the most vulnerable suffered in silence.

By The HospiceScan Team
|15 min read

In a quiet stretch of Van Nuys Boulevard in Los Angeles’s San Fernando Valley, an unremarkable commercial building holds a staggering secret. According to state and federal records, 89 hospice companies are registered to this single address — a dilapidated structure that lacks basic accessibility features and shows few signs of medical activity. Of those 89 companies, 72 have multiple indicators that the state has identified as red flags for fraud.

This building is the epicenter of what federal investigators have called one of the largest Medicare fraud schemes in American history. Across Los Angeles County, approximately 1,800 hospice agencies have sprouted — a 1,589% increase since 2010, far outpacing the 56% growth in the county’s elderly population. That’s more hospice providers than 36 states combined, and six times the national average relative to the senior population.

The scheme is devastatingly simple: fraudsters set up shell companies, recruit patients who aren’t terminally ill — often targeting vulnerable communities including the elderly, homeless, and non-English speakers — and bill Medicare $260 per day for services that are either unnecessary or never provided. The human cost extends far beyond dollars: legitimate patients in need of end-of-life care are caught in a system overwhelmed by fraud, and communities that should be protected are instead exploited.

$3.5B

Total Billing

In LA County alone

1,589%

Agency Growth

From 2010 to 2021

742

Flagged

42% of all hospices

280+

Revoked

Since 2022 moratorium

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“These criminals focus on those least able to speak up — the elderly, people with limited English proficiency, and residents of group homes.”

When CBS News reached out to the 56 hospice offices whose state and federal data indicate they have five or more red flags, many of the phone numbers were either disconnected or went straight to voicemail. One instructed the caller to text a different number, which turned out to be invalid. At several addresses, reporters found empty offices with piles of unopened mail — including correspondence from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

The building owner of the infamous Friar Street address told CBS News he only has 12 hospice tenants — a discrepancy of 77 from the number registered in federal records. “If there is a fraud, I would immediately terminate,” he said. Federal inspection records show regulators visited multiple suites in the building between 2021 and 2025 and found deficiencies. Nearly 40 companies in the building share key personnel.

Nationwide, the average amount a hospice bills Medicare per patient is $13,200. CBS News found the typical hospice in LA County billed Medicare roughly $29,000 per patient — more than double the national average. The highest rate billed by a single hospice in the county was $74,000 per patient. Of the LA County hospices with available Medicare data, nearly all submitted bills above the national average.

How Hospice Fraud Works


01

Shell Companies

Fraudsters set up or acquire hospice licenses, often using stolen identities or foreign nationals as straw owners. Multiple agencies are registered to the same address.

02

Patient Recruitment

Recruiters go door-to-door at churches, food banks, senior centers, and group homes, misrepresenting hospice as a free "extra Medicare benefit."

03

Kickbacks

Recruiters are paid up to $1,300 per month for each patient they enroll. This creates a massive financial incentive to sign up as many people as possible.

04

Fraudulent Certification

Corrupt physicians are paid to falsely certify patients as terminally ill — having six months or less to live — even when they are perfectly healthy.

05

Medicare Billing

Agencies bill Medicare $260 per day per patient for hospice services that are either medically unnecessary or never actually provided.

06

Patient Shuffling

Patients are transferred between affiliated companies every six months to avoid triggering Medicare audit flags for extended enrollment.

Prosecuted Fraud Schemes

The California Attorney General has investigated over 100 criminal enterprises and charged more than 100 individuals.

House of Angels Hospice

Valley Village, CA

$16M

Operated a sham hospice that billed Medicare for patients who were not terminally ill. Recruited patients through kickbacks and falsified medical records. Ordered to pay $17.1 million in restitution.

Defendant: Petros Fichidzhyan12 years in prison

Arcadia & Saint Mariam Hospice

Pasadena, CA

$30M+

Ran two hospice agencies that received over $30 million from Medicare. Used a corrupt physician to certify healthy patients as terminally ill. The ringleader fled to the Philippines and remains a fugitive.

Defendant: Juanita AntenorFugitive (Philippines)

Inland Empire Scheme

Upland & Colton, CA

$4.2M

A network of hospice agencies that defrauded Medi-Cal through kickbacks, identity theft, and billing for phantom services. Targeted elderly and non-English-speaking patients in San Bernardino County.

Defendant: Ralph Canales & others14 arrested

Monterey County Ring

Monterey County, CA

$3.2M

Three related hospice companies operated a coordinated fraud scheme, demonstrating the spread of the crisis beyond Los Angeles into other parts of California.

Defendant: Seven defendants7 arrested (Feb 2026)

By the Numbers


$260

Per Day

What Medicare pays per hospice patient

$1,300

Monthly Kickback

Paid to patient recruiters

89

Companies

Registered to one building

$105M

Overbilled

In LA County in 2019 alone

$600M

Stolen Identity

Billed using one doctor's credentials

100+

Defendants

Charged by California AG

Timeline of a Crisis


GROWTH

Explosive, Unchecked Growth

Hospice agencies in LA County grow 1,589% — from 109 to 1,841 — while the elderly population grows only 56%.

INVESTIGATION

State Auditor Exposes Crisis

California State Auditor Report 2021-123 reveals $105 million in overbilling, stolen identities used to register agencies, and systematic fraud indicators.

LEGISLATION

Moratorium Imposed

Governor Newsom signs SB 664, halting all new hospice licenses in California — the first moratorium of its kind.

LEGISLATION

Kickback Ban & Extended Moratorium

AB 1280 bans kickbacks for hospice referrals. AB 2673 extends the moratorium and adds proof-of-need requirements.

ENFORCEMENT

Major Sentencings Begin

House of Angels ringleader receives 12 years in prison, $17.1M restitution. Inland Empire operators sentenced. Moratorium extended to Jan 2027.

ENFORCEMENT

Organized Crime Network Dismantled

Health Care Fraud Strike Force dismantles Armenian Organized Crime network operating 5 sham hospices in Los Angeles.

INVESTIGATION

Political Firestorm

CMS Administrator Dr. Oz posts Van Nuys video alleging billions in fraud. Governor Newsom files civil rights complaint. 280+ licenses revoked since moratorium.

INVESTIGATION

CBS News Investigation

CBS publishes major investigation finding 742 of 1,800 LA County hospices flagged for fraud. Documents ghost offices and shared-address clustering.

Who Pays the Price


The victims of hospice fraud extend far beyond Medicare’s balance sheet. Elderly patients enrolled in hospice care forfeit their right to curative treatment — meaning those who aren’t actually terminally ill may miss critical medical interventions while locked into palliative-only care. Families who genuinely need end-of-life services face a system so overwhelmed by fraudulent providers that finding legitimate care becomes a minefield.

The fraud disproportionately targets immigrant communities. Recruiters canvas Armenian, Latino, and other non-English-speaking neighborhoods, misrepresenting hospice enrollment as a free supplemental Medicare benefit. Patients sign paperwork they don’t fully understand, and their Medicare benefits are hijacked. When the fraud is exposed, it’s these communities that bear the stigma — despite being the victims.

Medicare is a taxpayer-funded program. Americans pay into it through taxes on their paychecks and premiums. When there’s Medicare fraud, it’s tax dollars that are going to waste — dollars that could fund legitimate care for the genuinely ill and dying.

Fighting Back


California has taken unprecedented steps to combat hospice fraud. In 2022, Governor Newsom signed SB 664, imposing a moratorium on all new hospice licenses — the first of its kind in the nation. The moratorium has been extended through January 2027. Since then, more than 280 hospice licenses have been revoked, with approximately 300 more under active investigation.

The California Attorney General’s office has investigated over 100 criminal enterprises, resulting in charges against more than 100 defendants. Federal authorities, including the FBI, OIG, and DOJ Health Care Fraud Strike Force, have conducted sweeping operations dismantling organized fraud networks.

At the federal level, CMS has implemented a Provisional Period of Enhanced Oversight covering California, Arizona, Nevada, and Texas, with expansion to Georgia and Ohio. Of 668 hospices reviewed, 122 had their billing privileges revoked. The agency launched its Fraud Tax Project in November 2025 and has declared hospice fraud a “top priority.”

But advocates argue the response is too slow. As of March 2026, 742 agencies with multiple fraud indicators remain operational. The moratorium stopped new entrants, but the existing ecosystem of suspicious providers continues to bill Medicare millions each day.


About This Investigation

This investigation draws on data from the CMS Provider Data Catalog, California State Auditor reports, DOJ and California AG press releases, OIG enforcement records, and the CBS News investigation published in March 2026. Agency locations are based on addresses in CMS provider enrollment data. Fraud indicators are derived from the criteria established in the California State Auditor’s 2022 report, including shared addresses, shared personnel, billing anomalies, and enrollment patterns. This project is for informational and public awareness purposes. Inclusion on this map does not constitute an accusation of fraud.